Georges Lilanga Di Nyama, a prominent Tanzanian artist born in the 1940s, gained recognition for his wooden sculptures deeply rooted in the traditions of the Makonde tribe in southern Tanzania. Initially, he carved animal and human figures from cassava root before transitioning to ebony wood.

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Lilanga's sculptures drew heavily from the Makonde carving style, and after relocating to Dar es Salaam in 1970, he began incorporating elements from the Tingatinga School of Painting. This blend of traditional influences and modern, surreal observations resulted in a distinctive form of cultural expression.

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Among his notable works is the series of "shetani" sculptures, which depict folklore spirits. These vibrant pieces, boldly painted with colorful enamels, convey cultural tales and offer social critique. Lilanga's art often features swarming figures, everyday objects, abstract shapes, and elements from his tribe's culture and mythology, such as the rhythmic Mapico dance.

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His sculptures and paintings are extensively collected in private and institutional collections worldwide, and his work has been exhibited in solo and group exhibitions across the globe. Despite facing health challenges, Lilanga remained a mentor to young artists, leaving a lasting impact on the contemporary African art scene.